This post is about Pharaoh In Canaan. But before we will plunge in. What does it mean the name “Canaan”? So the name is actually derived from the Bible and from ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern records; generally refers to the region of present-day Israel; western Jordan; Lebanon, and coastal and southern Syria. And is more or less equivalent to the modern term “Levant”. Moreover, ancient texts from the region indicate that its population was of Semitic origin.
ANTIPATRIS (APHEK) THERE REMAINS OF A LATE BRONZE AGE EGYPTIAN PALACE WAS FOUND
In fact, the earliest mention of Canaan and Canaanites dates from the eighteenth century BCE. But the terms are now often applied to the region and its population in relation to earlier periods as well. Also, the relations between Canaan and Egypt; its southwestern neighbor; are attested by textual evidence and archaeological remains; dating as far back as the fourth millennium BCE. Of course, these relations were determined by political developments in both regions and thus were continually changing.
Now the geography of the land of Egypt; with its natural division into the narrow strip of the Nile Valley in the south and the broad Nile Delta in the north (Upper and Lower Egypt respectively); that influenced the long history of pharaonic Egypt. Which historically began with the unification of the two regions under one rule in ca. 3150 BCE. Additionally, ancient Egyptian civilization experienced periods of strength when upper and lower Egypt were united, which were punctuated by intermediate periods when the central rule disintegrated and the land was divided, with different dynamic dynasties ruling from the north and from and the south.
RELIEF IN THE KARNAK TEMPLE SHOWING THUTMOSIS III SLAYING CANAANITE CAPTIVES FROM THE BATTLE OF MEGIDDO, 15TH CENTURY BCE
Pharaoh In Canaan: The Division to Periods in Egyptian History
The periods of strength that began with the unification of Egypt included the early dynastic period (ca.3150-2685 BCE); the Old Kingdom, which was the age of the great pyramids (ca. 2685-2180 BCE); the Middle Kingdom, considered the classical period of Egyptian literature (ca.2040-1700 BCE); and the New Kingdom, the most glorious period of pharaonic history. When the Egyptian Empire ruled over Canaan in the north and Nubia in the south (ca. 1540-1070 BCE).
Last, the final period of unity before the conquest of Alexander the Great was the Late Period (ca. 664-332 BCE); which witnessed a short renaissance; but did not achieve the glories of earlier periods. Between there are the intermediate periods: First, the First Intermediate Period between the Old and Middle Kingdom (ca. 2180-2040 BCE). After that there is the Second Intermediate Period; which is between the Middle and New Kingdoms (ca. 1700-1540 BCE). And last the Third Intermediate Period between the New Kingdom and the Late Period (ca. 1070-664 BCE).
In Tel Beit Shean National Park and in Tel Megiddo remains of Egyptian presence were found.
THE RUINS OF TEL GEZER WHICH IS SEEN IN THE TEMPLE OF AMUN AT TANIS BELIEVED TO BE RELATED TO THE SACK OF GEZER DEPICTS AN EGYPTIAN PHARAOH SMITING HIS ENEMIES.
